نشر في باب نات يوم 23 - 06 - 2025

في ليلة 22 جوان 2025، نفذت سبع قاذفات استراتيجية شبحية أمريكية من طراز B-2 Spirit ضربات دقيقة استهدفت ثلاث منشآت نووية إيرانية في فوردو ونطنز وأصفهان، مستخدمة قنابل GBU-57A/B MOP، المعروفة بقدرتها الفائقة على اختراق التحصينات العميقة.
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مواصفات القنبلة GBU-57A/B "MOP":
* الوزن: حوالي 14 طنا (30,000 رطل)، وهي أثقل قنبلة تقليدية في الترسانة الأمريكية.
* الطول: 6.2 متر
* القطر: 80 سم
الرأس الحربي: من نوع Tandem* بشحنة جوفاء متعددة المراحل، تخترق الطبقات قبل الانفجار.
* نظام التوجيه: مزدوج (GPS وINS)، يوفر دقة عالية حتى مع وجود تشويش إلكتروني.
* قدرة الاختراق:
* أكثر من 60 متراً في الخرسانة المسلحة
* نحو 40 متراً في التربة الصخرية
* ما لا يقل عن 8 أمتار في الخرسانة فائقة الصلابة
* الطائرات الحاملة: B-2 Spirit، ويمكن لكل طائرة حمل قنبلتين.
* التكلفة: حوالي 3.6 مليون دولار للقنبلة الواحدة
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تحصينات منشأة فوردو:
تقع منشأة فوردو داخل سلسلة جبلية وتُحصن بطبقة بازلتية سماكتها 90 متراً، مما يجعلها من أكثر المنشآت تحصيناً في العالم. وتُعد GBU-57 السلاح الوحيد غير النووي الذي قد يمتلك القدرة النظرية على اختراق مثل هذه التحصينات.
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نتائج الضربة:
* المصادر الإيرانية أفادت بأنه تم إخلاء المواد الحساسة من المواقع المستهدفة قبيل الضربات، مما قلّص الأضرار الحقيقية.
* أشارت التقارير إلى أن الضربات أصابت أهدافها جزئياً، لكنها لم تدمر البنية التحتية الحيوية بشكل كامل.
* تؤكد تجارب سابقة، خاصة من قبل إسرائيل، أن تعطيل المنشآت النووية الإيرانية أمر بالغ الصعوبة، نظراً لعمقها وتحصيناتها.
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الخلاصة:
رغم أن GBU-57A/B تُعد من أقوى القنابل التقليدية وأكثرها تطوراً في العالم، إلا أن فعالية استخدامها ضد منشآت مثل فوردو تبقى محل تساؤل، خصوصاً مع احتمال إخلاء المعدات الأساسية مسبقاً. ما يشير إلى أن الضربة ربما لم تحقق أهدافها الاستراتيجية الكاملة، وقد تكون ذات طابع رمزي أو تحذيري أكثر من كونها عملية تدمير حاسمة.
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